Passenger
Passenger and Light Duty Vehicles
Vehicle |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
AUDI |
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X |
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A3 e-tron |
X |
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A4 Quattro (2014-15) |
X |
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A5 Quattro (Coupe) |
X |
|||||||||
A5 Cabriolet |
X |
|||||||||
A7 |
X |
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Q5 |
X |
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Q5 Hybrid |
X |
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BMW |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Active Hybrid 3 |
X |
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Active Hybrid 5 |
X |
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Active Hybrid 7 |
X |
|||||||||
i3 |
X |
|||||||||
i8 |
X |
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BENTLEY |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Flying Spur |
X |
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Continental GT |
X |
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Continental GT Speed Convertible |
X |
|||||||||
Continental Supersport |
X |
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CHEVROLET |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Caprice Police Patrol Vehicle (2014) |
X |
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Captiva (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
Cruze – 2014-15 |
X |
X |
||||||||
Equinox (2015)
|
X |
X |
||||||||
Impala (2015)(Limited Police model – Ethanol only) |
X |
X |
||||||||
Spark EV |
X |
|||||||||
Volt |
X |
|||||||||
Silverado 1500 2wd/4wd (2015)(incl. Special Services 2wd/4wd) (see also Medium-Heavy Duty page) |
X |
|||||||||
Silverado 2500 HD (2015)(see also Medium-Heavy Duty page) |
X |
X |
X(HD only) |
|||||||
Silverado 3500 HD (2015)& 2Wd/4Wd (see also Medium-Heavy Duty page) |
X |
X |
X |
|||||||
Suburban 2Wd/4Wd (2015) |
X |
|||||||||
Tahoe& Tahoe Police 2Wd/4Wd (2015) |
X |
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BUICK |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
La Crosse |
X |
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Regal
|
X |
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Verano |
X |
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CADILLAC |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
ATS Sedan |
X |
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ELR |
X |
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Escalade
|
X |
X |
||||||||
SRX |
X |
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DODGE |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Avenger (2014) |
X |
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Ram 1500 EcoDiesel |
X |
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ChargerCharger Police Pursuit option available, not pictured here |
X |
|||||||||
Dodge DurangoDurango Police Special Services vehicle available, not pictured here |
X |
|||||||||
Grand Caravan (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Journey (2014-15) |
X |
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FIAT |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
500e |
X |
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FORD |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
C-Max Energi (2014-15) |
X |
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Expedition 2wd/4wd(2014-15) |
X |
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Explorer (2014-15) |
X |
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Focus
|
X |
X |
||||||||
Fusion(Titanium, S, SE, Energi) |
X |
|||||||||
Fusion Energi |
X |
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Police Interceptor& Interceptor Utility |
X |
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Taurus |
X |
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GENERAL MOTORS(GMC) |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Terrain |
X |
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Yukon 2WD/4WD |
X |
|||||||||
Yukon Denali 4WD (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
Yukon XL 2WD/4WD |
X |
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HONDA |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Accord (2014-15)Hybrid Plug In (PEV) |
X |
X |
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Civic Hybrid (2014-15)Civic CNG |
X |
X |
||||||||
Clarity & FCX Clarity (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
CR-Z (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Fit (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Insight (2014) |
X |
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HYUNDAI |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Sonata |
X |
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Tucson (2015) |
X |
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Infiniti |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Q50 & Q50S(2014-15) |
X |
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Q70 Hybrid (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
QX60 (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
JAGUAR |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
XJ FFV (2014-15) |
X |
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XJL FFV (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
XF FFV (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
JEEP |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Cherokee |
X |
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Grand Cherokee |
X |
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KIA |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Optima Hybrid |
X |
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Soul |
X |
X |
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LAND ROVER |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Range Rover (2014-15) |
X |
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Range Rover L (2015) |
X |
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Range Rover Sport (2014-15) |
X |
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LEXUS |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
CT 200h (2014-15) |
X |
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GS 450h (2015) |
X |
|||||||||
GS 450 F Sport (2014-15) |
X |
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LS 600h L (2014-15) |
X |
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NX 300h (2015) |
X |
|||||||||
RX 450h (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
ES 300h (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
LINCOLN |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
MKZ (2015-15) |
X |
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Navigator (2014) |
X |
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MERCEDES-BENZ |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
B-Class (2014-15) |
X |
X |
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C300 4Matic (2014) |
X |
|||||||||
E350 4Matic Sedan/Coupe (2015)photo courtesy Mercedes-Benz USA |
X |
|||||||||
E400 (2015) Hybrid |
X |
|||||||||
GLA 250 4Matic (2015) |
X |
|||||||||
ML 350 4Matic (2015) |
||||||||||
S550 (2015) |
X |
|||||||||
MITSUBISHI |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
i-Miev (2014-15) |
X |
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NISSAN |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Armada 2WD/4WD(2014-15) |
X |
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Leaf (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Pathfinder (2015) |
X |
|||||||||
Titan 2WD/4WD |
X |
|||||||||
PORSCHE |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
918 Spyder (2015) |
X |
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Cayenne S E (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Panamera S E (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
SCION |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
iQ (2014) |
X |
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RAM |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
See Medium/Heavy DutyVehicles section |
||||||||||
SMART |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Smart for Two ED |
X |
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SUBARU |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
XV Crosstek (2014-15) |
X |
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TESLA |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Model S (2014-15) |
X |
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TOYOTA |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
Avalon (2014-15) |
X |
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Camry (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Highlander (2014-15) |
X |
|||||||||
Mirai (2016) |
X |
|||||||||
Prius |
X |
|||||||||
Prius C |
X |
|||||||||
Prius V |
X |
|||||||||
RAV4 |
X |
|||||||||
Sequoia 4WD |
X |
|||||||||
Tundra 4WD |
X |
|||||||||
VOLKSWAGEN |
Methanol |
Ethanol |
BioDiesel |
PHEV/HEV |
PEV |
FCEV |
Propane |
CNG |
LNG |
Incentives |
e-Golf |
X |
|||||||||
Jetta |
X |
X |
||||||||
Touareg |
X |
Further Reading:
Clean Cities 2015 Vehicle Buyer’s Guide, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (Clean Cities)
Clean Cities 2014 Vehicle Buyer’s Guide, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (Clean Cities)
EV City Casebook: 50 Big Ideas Shaping the Future of Electric Mobility, Source Urban Foresight Ltd, October 2014.
Flexible Fuel Vehicles: Providing a Renewable Fuel Choice, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efifciency & Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Program, March 2010
Hybrid and Plug-In Electric Vehicles, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efifciency & Renewable Energy Clean Cities, May 2014
Clean Cities Plug-In Electric Vehicle Handbook for Consumers, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efifciency & Renewable Energy Clean Cities
Clean Cities Plug-In Electric Vehicle Handbook for Fleet Managers, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efifciency & Renewable Energy Clean Cities
Clean Cities Tools: Tools to help you save money, use less petroleum, and reduce emissions, Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efifciency & Renewable Energy Clean Cities
Impact of Fuel Metal Impurities on the Durability of a Light-Duty Diesel Aftertreatment System, Source: presented at the SAE 2013 World Congress and Exhibition and printed by NREL (NREL/CP-5400-57585). authors: Aaron Williams, Jonathan Burton, & Robert McCormick (NREL; Todd Toops, Andrew A. Wereszczak, Ethan E. Fox, & Michael J. Lance (Oak Ridge National Laboratory); Giovanni Cavataio, Douglas Dobson, & Jim Warner (Ford Motor Co); Rasto Brezny (Manufacturers of Emission Controls Association); K. Nguyen & D. William Brookshear (University of Tennessee-Knoxville).
Effect of Accelerated Aging Rate on the Capture of Fuel-Borne Metal Impurities by Emissions Control Devices, Source: presented at the SAE 2014 World Congress & Exhibition, April 8-10, 2014, Detroit, Michigan. reprinted by NREL (NREL/JA-5400-61077); authors: Aaron Williams & Robert McCormick (NREL; Michael Lance, Chao Xie, & Todd Toops (Oak Ridge National Laboratory); Rasto Brezny (Manufacturers of Emission Controls Association).